What Is the Difference Between a Round Bar, a Drill Rod, and a Shafting?Metals are made in different shapes and sizes. Pipe and tubes look similar but somewhat different properties and use.Round bar, drill rod, and shafting are also forms of round shapes. Round BarA round bar is a long, cylindrical metal bar that is just as it looks. Round bar is available in a number of plastics, from hot rolled ...

What Is the difference between Hole Punching, Notching, and Drilling?Plate and Sheets undergo a variety of operation during its fabrication, all this is needed to fulfil a certain requirements. Material removal is a method of fabrication process that is widely used. Hole punching, notching, and drilling are three different methods of material removal processes. Although it has many similarities, b...

Steel Melting & Refining Stainless Steels are usually melted by charging scrap and alloying elements (e.g. ferrochrome, ferronickel) into an EAF. After the initial melting the metal is transferred to an AOD or VOD/VD vessel for refining. Advanced steels for demanding and critical applications require vacuum melting in a VIM furnace followed by VAR or ESR remelting. Primary Melting Electric Arc Fu...

Thermomechanical treatment of surface CarburizingThemomechanical treatment which is applied to a low-carbon steel in the austentic state to obtain surface enrichment with carbon which is in solid solution in the austenite. The subsequent hardening results in a hard and wear-resistant surface. NitridingIntroducing nitrogen into a solid ferrous alloy by holding steel at a suitable temperature (below...

What Is Penetrant Inspection (FPI And LPI)? Penetrant inspection is a popular detection method because it is relatively inexpensive, can be done remotely, and can be administered on a surface that is oriented in nearly any direction. Penetrant Inspection may take the form of Fluorescent Penetrant Inspection (FPI) or visible Liquid Penetrant Inspection (LPI). Each has its advantages, so the selec...

What Is Pitting Resistance Equivalency Number (PREn)? The Pitting Resistance Equivalency Number (PREn) is an objective way to do an initial comparison of the relative resistance to corrosion of various metals. It is based on a calculation that considers the weight percentage of alloying elements. PREn = % Cr + (3.3 x % Mo) + (30 x % N) A simple examination of the components of the PREn calculation...

How to produce thin wall stainless steel tube? What is thin Wall Tubing?Thin Wall Tubing Thin wall tubing is precision tubing that typically ranges from . 001 in. (. 0254 mm) to about . 065 in. Deep-drawn seamless tubes are made from metal blanks in multiple deformation processes. They can be used for different industrial purposes and the manufacturing of metal bellows. Common materials for the pr...

The difference between a pipe, tube, and hollow barMany people ask us the difference between a pipe, tube, and hollow bar so we’ve made this to explain the difference. What is the difference between Pipe and Tube?The short answer is: A PIPE is a round tubular to distribute fluids and gases, designated by a nominal pipe size (NPS or DN) that represents a rough indication of the pipe conveyance cap...

When producing seamless pipes, they are inserted into the inside of the pipe body and rolls and other tools are used to form the annular hole to form the pipe. Mandrel bars are used in continuous pipe rolling, tube diagonal rolling, tube rolling, pipe jacking, and tube cold rolling.The mandrel is a very long round rod that participates in the deformation of the pipe in the deformation zone like th...

Technological approaches to improve the plasticity of forgings and reduce the resistance to deformation To facilitate the flow of metal billets during forging, and to take reasonable measures to reduce deformation resistance and save equipment energy, the following methods are generally used to achieve:1) Grasp the material characteristics of forgings, and choose a reasonable deformation temperatu...

Near-isothermal forging technology is an advanced forging technique that solves the problem of forming some low-plasticity and difficult-to-deform materials. This technology is developed on the basis of the idea of isothermal forging technology. The biggest difference from isothermal forging is that the mold is heated to a temperature lower than the workpiece temperature of about 30-80 ° C and for...

Roll forging is a plastic forming process in which a material is plastically deformed by a pair of rotating molds in the opposite direction to obtain a desired forging or forging blank. As an advanced plastic forming process, roll forging has a series of advantages such as high material utilization rate, excellent product quality, good working conditions, easy realization of mechanical automation,...

A multi-forging die forging method has certain constraints (or unsuitable conditions), as long as one of the following contents is not suitable for one-time multi-forging (especially unsuitable for one-die multi-forging, continuous multi-forging, turning forging and forging) Forming die forging and other forming methods): If the weight of the forging is large, the horizontal projection area of the...

Precision forging refers to the forming technology that meets the dimensional accuracy requirements of parts without a small amount of machining or machining. There are two main ways to achieve precision forging: refined blanks, that is, directly forged blanks that meet the requirements of precision machining. Precision forgings, all or parts of the parts are directly processed by precision forgin...

The precision rolled is also called cold-rolled precision steel pipe, which is a production process of seamless steel pipe.Finished tube features:1. Cold-rolled precision steel pipe has high tolerance and dimensional accuracy, and the product precision is controlled at ±0.05mm.The inner and outer walls have a good finish and no oxide layer on the surface.2. Cold-rolled precision steel pipe has exc...

Cold drawing is to pull out the metal pipe with a cold drawing machine without heating. The advantage is that it does not need to be carried out at high temperature. The disadvantage is that the residual stress is large, and it can not be pulled too long to improve the toughness and tensile strength. Get better mechanical properties.Cold drawn seamless steel pipe process:Round tube blank → heating...

What are the benefits, with respect to residual stresses, of a seamless hollow-core forging over rolled and welded plate that is subsequently processed (machining, heat treating, etc.)?In general, distortion of a component will occur when the stress states of either the individual components or the assembly as a whole shift from one state of equilibrium to a new equilibrium state. The presence of ...

Polishing and buffing are finishing processes for smoothing a workpiece's surface using an abrasive and a work wheel or a leather strop. Technically polishing refers to processes that use an abrasive that is glued to the work wheel, while buffing uses a loose abrasive applied to the work wheel. Polishing i...

Cold drawn steel: speed and accuracy Cold Drawn or machined sections offer a huge increase in dimensional accuracy. This happens usually at a premium cost. Carried out at room temperature, lubricated steel billets are pulled through a die for this. So the workers produce a finished shape of high dimensional accuracy and...

There are as many types of sheet metal as there are types of metal. If an alloy can be stretched out into a sheet, that is all it takes to be sheet metal. Sheet metal is categorized by their alloy, thickness, and then further categorized by its hardness, method of manufacturing, tensile strength, and quali...

Forging reduction should be sufficient to consolidate the defects inherent to the casting process such as porosity and other voids while achieving a general wrought structure by breaking down the cast structure. A 3-to-1 reduction, using the open die process, is usually sufficient to achieve these results (with strict control of the process, less than 3-to-1 can be sufficient). Depending on the al...

Forgings are produced using the open die forging process through the controlled application of compressive stresses while the metal is heated in the plastic regime. The metal, once subjected to the compressive stress, will flow in any unconstrained direction. The expanding metal will stretch the existing grains and, if the temperature is within the forging temperature region, will recrystallize an...

A forging is metal that has been heated in order to soften it then pressed, hammered, or otherwise formed into a shape. All forgings begin as cast starting stock. Forgings benefit from the forming operation which enhances their overall toughness and fatigue resistance.

The production of seamless forged rings is often performed by a process called ring rolling on rolling mills. These mills vary in size to produce forged rings with outside diameters of just a few inches to over 300 inches and in weights from a single pound up to over 300,000 pounds.The ring rolling process starts with a circular preform of metal that has been previously upset and pierced (using th...

Different forging methods have different processes, wherein the hot forging process has the longest process, and the general sequence is: forging blanking; forging billet heating; roll forging stock; die forging; trimming; punching; Intermediate inspection, inspection of the dimensions and surface defects of forgings; forging heat treatment, to eliminate forging stress, improve metal cutting perfo...

CNC press is a kind of electric screw press. It adopts permanent magnet synchronous servo motor drive control. It consists of mechanical parts such as frame, flywheel, screw nut, slider, lubrication mechanism, brake mechanism, servo motor and electric control cabinet. It is composed of an electric part such as an operation button station.The working principle of the numerical control press is that...

In addition to iron and carbon, the main elements of steel include silicon, manganese, sulfur, and phosphorus.There are various classification methods for steel, and the main methods are as follows:1. Classified by quality(1) Ordinary steel (P ≤ 0.045%, S ≤ 0.050%)(2) high quality steel (P, S are ≤ 0.035%)(3) High-quality steel (P≤0.035%, S≤0.030%)2, classified by chemical composition(1) Carbon st...

Bubbles are divided into two kinds: inner bubbles and subcutaneous bubbles:The gas in the steel is fed from the charge, furnace gas, and air. When the deoxidation is poor during smelting and the boiling exhaust is insufficient, the gas content in the molten steel is excessive. During the solidification process, the gas solubility decreases with the decrease in the temperature of molten steel. Prec...

Powder forging is a forging forming method that combines powder metallurgy forming with plastic forming. The process is based on metal powder as raw material, preformed by pressing, and sintered to obtain a blank shape suitable for die forging. After the blank is heated to the forging temperature, it is placed in a forge mold for closed die forging or squeezing. , After further processing, to obt...

Austenite stainless steel forgings have no allotropic crystal transformation during heating, and the heating temperature is too high for the grains to grow; in addition, the α phase in the duplex stainless steel increases. After the heating temperature exceeds 1200°C, the number increases rapidly. Therefore, the initial forging temperature of austenitic stainless steel forgings should not exceed 1...

The shape of the die forging is an important basis for formulating a die forging process. Forgings with similar shapes, the die forging process and the die structure used are basically the same. Therefore, the various types of die forgings are classified to facilitate the design of forgings and dies. Commonly used classification methods are divided according to the shape of the forging and the dir...

According to the movement of the blank, forging can be divided into free forging, upsetting, extrusion, die forging, closed die forging, closed upsetting. Closed and closed upsets have high material utilization due to the lack of flash. It is possible to complete the finishing of complex forgings in one process or several processes. Because there is no flash, the forging area is reduced and the re...

After forging, the metal can improve its microstructure and mechanical properties. After the casting structure is deformed and recrystallized by the metal after forging by hot working deformation, the original coarse dendrite and columnar grains become equiaxed recrystallized grains with fine grain and uniform size, so that the original segregation in the steel ingot, Loosening, porosity, slag inc...

Our company can supply follows materials in chain cold drawing process:Size RangeRound Bar: Dia3mm-Dia120mmHex Bar: S4mm-S90mmSquare Bar:4mm×4mm-100mm×100mmFlat Bar: 2mm×8mm-40mm×140mmLength: 12000mm maxDimension ToleranceRound Bar: h8-h12Hex Bar: h10-h13Square Bar:h10-h13Flat Bar: h10-h13

How is Cold Drawn Steel Made?Of all “cold finished” steel bars, cold drawn bars make up the largest production in the way of sheer tonnage and usage. “Cold finished” bars consist of cold drawn , turned ground & polished, turned & ground, turned & polished, or rough turned. Cold drawn bars are used in high volume productions of machined parts as well as shafting and other applications. Their mec...